College of Business

facilities can be challenging. As there is an increasing number of global citizens who travel to seek
medical care in another country, it is critical to make wayfinding easy for visitors who are not familiar
with the language in a foreign country. Among many wayfinding aids, symbols are helpful for those
visitors who have limited ability to understand written language. This study tested universal healthcare
symbols in the United States, South Korea, and Turkey to compare the comprehension of symbols crosscountry
and identify predictors of the correct comprehension. To explore statistically significant relationships
between symbol comprehension and countries, Pearson’s Chi-square tests, logistic regression,
and ANOVA were conducted. The test results showed that ten symbols among 14 tested have
significant relationship with countries. Results of this study demonstrate that symbol comprehension
can be varied significantly in different countries.

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